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Here are the top 1000 last names (surnames) in the United States, according to the most recent U.S. census.Is your family name on the list? To search, press CTRL-F on a PC, or ⌘-F on a Mac, then enter your last name. #1 SMITH - A smith is a craftsman, and was used for as an occupational title for many different crafts.

English last names come from a variety of sources, including places, nicknames, estate names, occupations and physical attributes. Today, there are about 45,000 English last names. Use the list below to find your last name and learn about its meaning and origins. Most Popular English Last Names on FamilyEducation: Harris, Bell, Smith.

A handy list of last names that go well with any first names unquestionably is a big help. However, unique last name trends change drastically over time so it can be hard to find the perfect one. Here is a list of names that are cool, can go with your characters from the past, present, or the future and make them stand out.

Last names or family names have a long cultural heritage behind them. Using assigned names to identify a person's tribe, community, or genetic lineage goes back to ancient times. According to historical sources , surnames were first used in China in 2852 BC to simplify collecting census information.

Discover the ethnic origin and meaning of last names. Find out how surnames are ranked in popularity, how many people in the United States of America bear a particular name, and how the statistics change between 1990 and 2000 US Censuses.

This list of cool last name ideas will help you find a unique surname for your novel, fantasy, gaming or online characters. These cool last names range from unique and pretty to cute and fancy.

100 Most Popular American Last Names. 1 Smith 2 Johnson 3 Williams 4 Jones 5 Brown 6 Davis 7 Miller 8 Wilson 9 Moore 10 Taylor 11 Anderson 12 Thomas 13 Jackson 14 White 15 Harris: 16 Martin 17 Thompson 18 Garcia 19 Martinez 20 Robinson 21 Clark 22 Rodriguez 23 Lewis 24 Lee 25 Walker 26 Hall 27 Allen 28 Young 29 Hernandez 30 King: 31 Wright 32 Lopez 33 Hill 34 Scott 35 Green 36 Adams 37 Baker

Also new to the list is the Asian surname Lee—ranked at number 22 in the country—indicating a rise in the Asian American population. Here are the top 100 names as ranked by the 2010 Census. Most Common US Surnames By Rank

Generate a random list of last names from a database of the most popular names across many genealogies. Family surnames like Mora, Daugherty, Barajas, Bowers, or Eaton.

In Europe, last names are relatively young. The earliest recorded occurrence dates back to 916, in Ireland. In China, last names were supposedly first used around 2852 BC. Wherever they are used, the purpose is the same: to more accurately identify a person. It's very interesting to note how differently surnames are built up according to culture.

Here are the top 1000 last names (surnames) in the United States, according to the most recent U.S. census.Is your family name on the list? To search, press CTRL-F on a PC, or ⌘-F on a Mac, then enter your last name. #1 SMITH - A smith is a craftsman, and was used for as an occupational title for many different crafts.

English last names come from a variety of sources, including places, nicknames, estate names, occupations and physical attributes. Today, there are about 45,000 English last names. Use the list below to find your last name and learn about its meaning and origins. Most Popular English Last Names on FamilyEducation: Harris, Bell, Smith.

A handy list of last names that go well with any first names unquestionably is a big help. However, unique last name trends change drastically over time so it can be hard to find the perfect one. Here is a list of names that are cool, can go with your characters from the past, present, or the future and make them stand out.

Last names or family names have a long cultural heritage behind them. Using assigned names to identify a person's tribe, community, or genetic lineage goes back to ancient times. According to historical sources , surnames were first used in China in 2852 BC to simplify collecting census information.

Discover the ethnic origin and meaning of last names. Find out how surnames are ranked in popularity, how many people in the United States of America bear a particular name, and how the statistics change between 1990 and 2000 US Censuses.

This list of cool last name ideas will help you find a unique surname for your novel, fantasy, gaming or online characters. These cool last names range from unique and pretty to cute and fancy.

100 Most Popular American Last Names. 1 Smith 2 Johnson 3 Williams 4 Jones 5 Brown 6 Davis 7 Miller 8 Wilson 9 Moore 10 Taylor 11 Anderson 12 Thomas 13 Jackson 14 White 15 Harris: 16 Martin 17 Thompson 18 Garcia 19 Martinez 20 Robinson 21 Clark 22 Rodriguez 23 Lewis 24 Lee 25 Walker 26 Hall 27 Allen 28 Young 29 Hernandez 30 King: 31 Wright 32 Lopez 33 Hill 34 Scott 35 Green 36 Adams 37 Baker

Also new to the list is the Asian surname Lee—ranked at number 22 in the country—indicating a rise in the Asian American population. Here are the top 100 names as ranked by the 2010 Census. Most Common US Surnames By Rank

Generate a random list of last names from a database of the most popular names across many genealogies. Family surnames like Mora, Daugherty, Barajas, Bowers, or Eaton.

In Europe, last names are relatively young. The earliest recorded occurrence dates back to 916, in Ireland. In China, last names were supposedly first used around 2852 BC. Wherever they are used, the purpose is the same: to more accurately identify a person. It's very interesting to note how differently surnames are built up according to culture.

Lists of surnames organized by letter, ethnicity and more.

The unique last names in the list below might fit right into plans for sci-fi characters that involve space, futuristic societies, and much more! Name: Meaning: Alastair (al-ah-stair) The one who repels men: Aphelion (uh-FEE-lee-uhn) The point in the orbit of a planet, asteroid, or comet at which it is furthest from the sun:

Looking for the perfect name for your little one? Search Belly Ballot to discover the popularity, meanings, and origins of thousands of names from around the world.

Most Common Surnames in the United States. In this section of the site we have data on the most common last names in the United States. These names are taken directly from the most recent census data. The table below shows the most common last names with statistics on the heritage and ancestry of those with the surname.

The ultimate A-Z Surnames names list, complete with name meanings, origins and background info for all Surnames baby names. Check it out!

Cute Surnames for Girls. So, this is the list of pretty cool last names for girls with their meanings. Most of these names are popular and you will sweet baby will love these names. Griffin- Strong in faith. Tate- Cheerful. Capelli - Hats. Alberti - sculptor. Reese- Ardent and fiery. Chianti - an Italian red wine

The following list of the most commonly occurring surnames in America includes details on each name's origin and meaning. It's interesting to note, that since 1990, the only other time this surname report has been compiled by the U.S. Census Bureau, three Hispanic surnames—Garcia, Rodriguez, and Menendez—have risen into the top 10.

Surnames Registered with the Guild. Each of the surnames listed is the subject of a one-name study carried out by a Guild member and links to our full search results for that study. If the results include a study profile, the link is shown with a light grey background. Select an initial letter to view our list of registered surnames:

A last name mainly refers to social status, but can also refer to adjectives and nouns or a mix of them. If your research is about cool last names for guys you are reading the right document. Bellow you will encounter a list of 100 cool last names for guys. Last Names from A to Z. A

This post lists the surnames of some royal families known for their wealth, power, and influence. Popular Royal Last Names Or Surnames List 1. Agilolfings. The Agilolfings were a noble family from the Bavarian region of Germany. The Agilolfings ruled alongside the Merovingian dynasty around the seventh century AD.

American last names used as baby names -- either first names or middle names -- is a popular trend in the U.S. Other Western cultures, including English-speaking ones, do not generally use last names as first names, which makes American last names particularly suited to this genre. Some of these American last names have been used for a long time as first names, or even originated as first ...

Find the meaning, history and origin of surnames, also called last names or family names, as well as famous bearers and usage statistics.

Best Last Names. The Top Ten. 1 Parker. That is such a good name! I was looking for a last name for a secondary character for my story but, now I'm going to change the main character's last name to Parker and changing the secondary character's name to what the main character's name was.

Each and every region has unique last names. If you want to add a few interesting factors about your character, the easiest way is to choose a name or surname from a different origin. Try Russian last names, French last names, Italian last names, and many more. Here we provide you a list of such surnames from around the world. 21.

Porter is a great last name, and while I don't always add last names to the list immediately, I have added yours since is sounds so cool. Thanks for the heads up. Niyangel on January 05, 2020: My last name is porter but it wasn't on the list. Uni Passi on January 04, 2020:

The first is to decide how many last names you'd like to see each time you use the tool. After that, all you need to do is click on the button to have all your results instantly appear on your screen. If you can't find what you're looking for with the initial results, simply generate a new list. If you'd prefer to search using a list of random ...

Cool Last Names. With a curated selection of more than 30,000 last names, you can always find the perfect last name for your new character.

This list of Fantasy Surnames going to be useful if you're looking for a name of a character in your favorite story you're a fan of. Maybe you are looking to change your name permanently. Still, you are looking for a name for a role you are writing about. So let's have a ride through the list.

Here are the top 1000 last names (surnames) in the United States, according to the most recent U.S. census.Is your family name on the list? To search, press CTRL-F on a PC, or ⌘-F on a Mac, then enter your last name. #1 SMITH - A smith is a craftsman, and was used for as an occupational title for many different crafts.

English last names come from a variety of sources, including places, nicknames, estate names, occupations and physical attributes. Today, there are about 45,000 English last names. Use the list below to find your last name and learn about its meaning and origins. Most Popular English Last Names on FamilyEducation: Harris, Bell, Smith.

A handy list of last names that go well with any first names unquestionably is a big help. However, unique last name trends change drastically over time so it can be hard to find the perfect one. Here is a list of names that are cool, can go with your characters from the past, present, or the future and make them stand out.

Last names or family names have a long cultural heritage behind them. Using assigned names to identify a person's tribe, community, or genetic lineage goes back to ancient times. According to historical sources , surnames were first used in China in 2852 BC to simplify collecting census information.

Discover the ethnic origin and meaning of last names. Find out how surnames are ranked in popularity, how many people in the United States of America bear a particular name, and how the statistics change between 1990 and 2000 US Censuses.

This list of cool last name ideas will help you find a unique surname for your novel, fantasy, gaming or online characters. These cool last names range from unique and pretty to cute and fancy.

100 Most Popular American Last Names. 1 Smith 2 Johnson 3 Williams 4 Jones 5 Brown 6 Davis 7 Miller 8 Wilson 9 Moore 10 Taylor 11 Anderson 12 Thomas 13 Jackson 14 White 15 Harris: 16 Martin 17 Thompson 18 Garcia 19 Martinez 20 Robinson 21 Clark 22 Rodriguez 23 Lewis 24 Lee 25 Walker 26 Hall 27 Allen 28 Young 29 Hernandez 30 King: 31 Wright 32 Lopez 33 Hill 34 Scott 35 Green 36 Adams 37 Baker

Also new to the list is the Asian surname Lee—ranked at number 22 in the country—indicating a rise in the Asian American population. Here are the top 100 names as ranked by the 2010 Census. Most Common US Surnames By Rank

Generate a random list of last names from a database of the most popular names across many genealogies. Family surnames like Mora, Daugherty, Barajas, Bowers, or Eaton.

In Europe, last names are relatively young. The earliest recorded occurrence dates back to 916, in Ireland. In China, last names were supposedly first used around 2852 BC. Wherever they are used, the purpose is the same: to more accurately identify a person. It's very interesting to note how differently surnames are built up according to culture.

Lists of surnames organized by letter, ethnicity and more.

The unique last names in the list below might fit right into plans for sci-fi characters that involve space, futuristic societies, and much more! Name: Meaning: Alastair (al-ah-stair) The one who repels men: Aphelion (uh-FEE-lee-uhn) The point in the orbit of a planet, asteroid, or comet at which it is furthest from the sun:

Looking for the perfect name for your little one? Search Belly Ballot to discover the popularity, meanings, and origins of thousands of names from around the world.

Most Common Surnames in the United States. In this section of the site we have data on the most common last names in the United States. These names are taken directly from the most recent census data. The table below shows the most common last names with statistics on the heritage and ancestry of those with the surname.

The ultimate A-Z Surnames names list, complete with name meanings, origins and background info for all Surnames baby names. Check it out!

Cute Surnames for Girls. So, this is the list of pretty cool last names for girls with their meanings. Most of these names are popular and you will sweet baby will love these names. Griffin- Strong in faith. Tate- Cheerful. Capelli - Hats. Alberti - sculptor. Reese- Ardent and fiery. Chianti - an Italian red wine

The following list of the most commonly occurring surnames in America includes details on each name's origin and meaning. It's interesting to note, that since 1990, the only other time this surname report has been compiled by the U.S. Census Bureau, three Hispanic surnames—Garcia, Rodriguez, and Menendez—have risen into the top 10.

Surnames Registered with the Guild. Each of the surnames listed is the subject of a one-name study carried out by a Guild member and links to our full search results for that study. If the results include a study profile, the link is shown with a light grey background. Select an initial letter to view our list of registered surnames:

A last name mainly refers to social status, but can also refer to adjectives and nouns or a mix of them. If your research is about cool last names for guys you are reading the right document. Bellow you will encounter a list of 100 cool last names for guys. Last Names from A to Z. A

This post lists the surnames of some royal families known for their wealth, power, and influence. Popular Royal Last Names Or Surnames List 1. Agilolfings. The Agilolfings were a noble family from the Bavarian region of Germany. The Agilolfings ruled alongside the Merovingian dynasty around the seventh century AD.

American last names used as baby names -- either first names or middle names -- is a popular trend in the U.S. Other Western cultures, including English-speaking ones, do not generally use last names as first names, which makes American last names particularly suited to this genre. Some of these American last names have been used for a long time as first names, or even originated as first ...

Find the meaning, history and origin of surnames, also called last names or family names, as well as famous bearers and usage statistics.

Best Last Names. The Top Ten. 1 Parker. That is such a good name! I was looking for a last name for a secondary character for my story but, now I'm going to change the main character's last name to Parker and changing the secondary character's name to what the main character's name was.

Each and every region has unique last names. If you want to add a few interesting factors about your character, the easiest way is to choose a name or surname from a different origin. Try Russian last names, French last names, Italian last names, and many more. Here we provide you a list of such surnames from around the world. 21.

Porter is a great last name, and while I don't always add last names to the list immediately, I have added yours since is sounds so cool. Thanks for the heads up. Niyangel on January 05, 2020: My last name is porter but it wasn't on the list. Uni Passi on January 04, 2020:

The first is to decide how many last names you'd like to see each time you use the tool. After that, all you need to do is click on the button to have all your results instantly appear on your screen. If you can't find what you're looking for with the initial results, simply generate a new list. If you'd prefer to search using a list of random ...

Cool Last Names. With a curated selection of more than 30,000 last names, you can always find the perfect last name for your new character.

This list of Fantasy Surnames going to be useful if you're looking for a name of a character in your favorite story you're a fan of. Maybe you are looking to change your name permanently. Still, you are looking for a name for a role you are writing about. So let's have a ride through the list.

Looking for the perfect name for your little one? Search Belly Ballot to discover the popularity, meanings, and origins of thousands of names from around the world.

There are also French, Dutch, German, Jewish, and Scandinavian last names to be found. Have a look at some of these surnames - other than your own - to see the extent of the rich tapestry of life that can exist in family names. Simply click on the surname of your choice from the list shown below. Select Surnames (from A to Z)

This list of last names in USA is an Anglicised version of its origin that express creativity, personality, cultural identity and values that may influence baby name trends. So, pick one to help your little one stand out in a crowd! Facebook. Twitter. Pinterest. WhatsApp.

Discover the ethnic origin and meaning of last names. Find out how surnames are ranked in popularity, how many people in the United States of America bear a particular name, and how the statistics change between 1990 and 2000 US Censuses.

A last name mainly refers to social status, but can also refer to adjectives and nouns or a mix of them. If your research is about cool last names for guys you are reading the right document. Bellow you will encounter a list of 100 cool last names for guys. Last Names from A to Z. A

1 Last Names. 1.1 Below is an entire list of last names. If some of them are not actually real please feel free to correct! 1.2 (None) 1.3 Angle. 1.4 Anvil. 1.5 Ash.

Cool Last Names. With a curated selection of more than 30,000 last names, you can always find the perfect last name for your new character.

Top 100 Irish surnames. 1. Murphy. Credit: commons.wikimedia.org. Gaelic Equivalent: ó Murchadha. Meaning: sea-battler. Murphy is one of the most common Irish family names and examples of famous Murphys include actors Cillian Murphy, Eddie Murphy, and Brittany Murphy. 2. Kelly.

So here is the list with Slovak last names explained by their origin: Surnames by occupation. These surnames were created with a so-called zero suffix, which means that the used surname was the very name of the job. The names of jobs came from Slovak or Hungarian language, or even from Latin names of jobs. ...

Generate a quick list of random names. Name a character. Make up a person. Rename yourself. Also limit it to generate just male, female, first, or last names.

Geni's users have created 230 million profiles with 14 million surnames. Enter your last name in the search box above to find out more information about your family name, including a description with the surname's origin and history, profiles, documents, projects and discussions.

The following table shows the 100 most popular given names for male and female babies born during the last 100 years, 1921-2020. For each rank and sex, the table shows the name and the number of occurrences of that name.

South American surnames; North American surnames; Most visited articles. Ukrainian surnames; Rusyn surnames; Cossack surnames; Community. Recent blog posts; Forum; in: South East Asian surnames. Cambodian surnames View source History Talk (0) Surnames. Name Khmer script Pronunciation Am: អម om: Ampor: អម្ពរ om-poh: Ang:

Most Common Surnames For White People in the United States. In this article we'll look at the most popular surnames for white people in the United States. These names are people who self-identified as "White" in the Decennial Census survey. The most recent statistics we have for these surnames for white people is from the 2010 census.

Cute last names for Girls - List of 100 Best Last Names Adorable Last Names for Girls. While given names identify a person and surnames indicate their heritage, there is another class of names, middle names, that come between these two.

list of almost jatt surnames _ A Aasi Abusaria Achara Agre Aheer Ahlawat Ajmeria Andhak Antal Arar Assoun Atri Attariwalla Atwal Aulakh Aujla Aura B Bachak Badhan Baghar Baidwan Beniwal Bahniwal Bains Bajwa Bajya Bal Baleli Balhara Balyan Bamraulia Bana Bandechha Bangial Bargoti Barjati Basra Batth Beniwal Bhachar Bhadia Bhadiar Bhalli ...

Brainstorm and Make a List of fantasy surnames. Think about the names that you like and the names that you have to listen to from others and make a list of all the names that come to your mind. Then decide a special name that you like the most and very rare in society. And you know that's a very special name for you.

In England, surnames are referred to as last names that were originally introduced by the Normans in 1066. Initially. old English surnames changed from one generation to the other. Later by 1400, surnames became hereditary. This alphabetically arranged list of rare British surnames can be a useful tool in genealogy.

Jameson- A more masculine name, but we love it as a last name on a girl. Jupiter- We love this as a last name. It's better than any of the other planets! Jasper- Jasper is a beautiful type of stone, but it makes for a beautiful last name also. Kingsley- Perfect for any queen trying to equal a king.

There are a whole bunch of last names that sound pretty stinkin' hilarious on their own. These are last names like "Berger" and "Wiener" that sound like or quite literally are funny words in and of themselves. Then there are last names that result when you couple them with other hilarious last names, or even […]

A comprehensive guide to the origins, meanings, etymologies and distribution of thousands of British surnames. Find out where in the world your surname originated, what it originally meant and how many other people you share it with. Browse British Surnames.

"The following is a list of the most common surnames for people who self-identified as "Black" in America during the 2000 Census."-snip-Hyperlinks for information about other Non-Hispanic names, a category for Hispanic names, and other demographic information are also found on that page.

Most common last names in Italy: list of the 100 most common surnames for Italian families.

50 most common last names in America Published: Oct. 02, 2019, 7:08 a.m. US actor and cast member Will Smith arrives to the promotional event for the movie Gemini Man in Budapest, Hungary ...

The lists which appears below are the 100 Most Common Surnames for 1995. They have been superseded by more up-to-date and comprehensive information, which you can find on the Most Common Surnames in Birth, Marriage and Death registers pages. Note: Correction 25 September 2014. The surname Williams was omitted from the original lists.

Rare surnames can make the job of being a family history researcher easier. Here is a list of 100 of the rarest last names in the U.S. and help for finding out how unusual your family names actually are.

Alabama. This southeastern state's top three most common last names are also the top three in the entire country. Johnson is the third most common, Williams is the second most common, and Smith ...

Basque surnames are usually recognizable because of the common use of certain elements and endings (noting the spelling variants). The traditional "etxea" or Basque home had a name, as illustrated above, and most Basque surnames derived from that source.

List of Rare Last Names and Their Meaning. But there is a big difference between a less common name and a truly rare one. Check out this list of the 15 rarest last names in the world. 1. Fernsby. This is an English name that originated in the earliest century but seemed to have lost most of its vitality over the years. The name means a house or ...

Do you have some funny last names to add to the list? Let us know what last names give you a good chuckle. funny last names weird last names. previous post « 10 Tips On How To Hang Posters Without Frames. next post The Best Way To Sober Up Fast: 5 Things You Need To Know ...

Last names are very important to most people as they tie us to families and personal histories. Because the United States is a melting pot, with a long history of immigration, there are many rare/uncommon last names. This list contains some of the rarest last names in the U.S. according to public records, including the 2010 Census.

Stephen Lux/Getty. Including English, Welsh and Scottish surnames, British last names have made their way all over the world.While Welsh and Scottish names usually originate from their own Celtic languages (Cymric and Scots Gaelic), English last names tend to originate from occupations, places, or Anglicizations of first names in other languages.

One of the more exotic sounding Norwegian last names on our list, Korsmo is a name built from a combination of Norwegian words: Korz (meaning crossroads), and the "mo" element, which means a sandy meadow. 4. Lund. Among the most common Norwegian surnames, Lund refers to a person who used to live next to, or within a grove of trees.

READ ALSO: 30+ fascinating Spanish last names/surnames and their meanings. Legit.ng recently published an article about Spanish last names. There are a few types of them, and each differs from the other. You can check out the most common Spanish surnames, as well as the ones that are more unique. They are about to amaze and fascinate you.

Looking for the perfect name for your little one? Search Belly Ballot to discover the popularity, meanings, and origins of thousands of names from around the world.

Explore the most popular surnames in the world. Forebears knows about 30,635,595 unique surnames in Earth and there are 238 people per name.

When it comes to last names, Smith is the most popular of last names among black people. There are over 2.4 million African-American and Caribbean people with that last name. Even so, Smith ranked third in the last census and between 2000 and 2010, there was a 6.9% increase in the last name.

French Last Names Roche. Whether you are looking for a new last name to use yourself, a candidate for a surname to forename moniker, or are just interested in names in general, French last names have a rich and exciting history that is well worth exploring. We were fascinated by some of the material we discovered, and we hope you were too.

In the United States, Smith was the most popular surname in in 1990 and retained that spot ten years later. Garcia jumped in popularity from 18th-most-popular name in 1990 to sixth-most-popular last name in 2010. Robinson was the 20th-most-popular name in 1990 but fell off the list, as Latino surnames become more common.

List of 100 Cute Last Names for Boys. Here we bring you some of the cute and lovely last names which can be used with any first name as per appropriate meanings. Make sure your lat name compliments your first name.

Here are the Top 10,000. You can check last name Kanji meaning, the population of last name, Top population by the area, the origin of last name and so on. 佐 meaning assistant, help./. 藤 meaning wisteria. 鈴 meaning small bell, buzzer./. 木 meaning tree, wood. 高 meaning tall, high, expensive./. 橋 meaning bridge. 田 meaning rice field ...

Polish last names have originated since the middle ages, but it was only about 200 years ago that the use of surnames became compulsory. Some of these names became popular over the years. They were derived from profession, some names came from trees, and few originated from place of origin.

Campbell — Campbell Brown was born Alma Dale Campbell Brown, but the anchorwoman has put Campbell on the list of possible surname names for girls, with built-in nicknames Belle and Bella. Campbell is among the most gender-neutral surname-names for girls, currently 56% female. Carlisle, Carlyle — Both spellings of this name are uncommon and ...

The last names contain several roots, Spanish, Arabic, Latin, etc. Some surnames belong to Tagalog and other native languages in the Philippines, though they are rare. We've adorned this article with a list of 100 last names of Filipino, their origins, meaning, and other essentials. Check it out. 1. Abalos

Scottish Royal Last Names. England isn't the only land in Europe to have a wealth of royalty. Scotland also has an impressive list of royal last names. Explore a list of royal Scottish last names and who they are linked to. Alpin - the first king of the Scots surname . Balliol - king John Balliol . Barclay - Chamberlain of Scotland . Bruce ...

African surnames; South American surnames; North American surnames; Most visited articles. Ukrainian surnames; Cossack surnames; Rusyn surnames; Community. Recent blog posts; Forum; in: European surnames. Eastern European surnames Category page. View source History Talk (0)

A comprehensive guide to the origins, meanings, etymologies and distribution of thousands of British surnames. Find out where in the world your surname originated, what it originally meant and how many other people you share it with. British surnames, British last names and British surname meanings and origins.

The last names in this first list are patronymics, which are names derived from the name of a male ancestor. In Spanish, last names ending in -es, -ez, -is, or -oz are often patronymics. In English, names ending in -son or beginning with Fitz-, O'-, or Mc-/Mac-are patronymics.

The English adopted last names after the Norman Conquest of 1066. By the 15th century, it was hard to find someone without one. From occupational, nickname-based, and location surnames, today there are around 45,000 Old English last names in circulation.

Names are an important type of vocabulary. In China, you will run into the same surnames again and again, so it helps to become familiar with the most common ones. You'll rarely meet a Chinese person with a surname not in this list of 100.